Can We Take a Vow for Anyone Other Than Allah Almighty?

Can We Take a Vow for Anyone Other Than Allah Almighty?

Darulifta Ahlesunnat

(Dawateislami)

Question

   What do the honourable scholars of Islam say regarding the following matter: what is the ruling on taking a vow for one of the pious predecessors? Zayd claims that it is specific to Allah Almighty, so can we not take a vow for anyone other than Allah Almighty?

بِسْمِ اللہِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِیْمِ

اَلْجَوَابُ بِعَوْنِ الْمَلِکِ الْوَھَّابِ اَللّٰھُمَّ ھِدَایَۃَ الْحَقِّ وَالصَّوَابِ

   There are two types of vows, viz: Islamically binding and customary. The Islamically binding vow is formed when the person vows to perform a non-obligatory act of worship for Allah. For example, he says, “If I recover from this illness, I will pray 100 Rak’aat of Nafl salah.” There are conditions for the validity of such a vow, and if they are fulfilled, it will be compulsory (wājib) to carry out the vow.

   The meaning of a customary vow is a gift or offering. For example, a person may vow to gift the reward of an act of charity to the prophets and auliya. He may say something like, “If I recover from this illness, I will feed people in the name of so-and-so saint.” This is a customary vow. Although it is not compulsory to carry it out, it is better to do so.

   Other than Allah Almighty, it is permissible to make a customary vow for a prophet or saint, because a person’s intention here is to carry out a righteous action for the sake of Allah Almighty, but transmit its reward to an honourable personality, and there is no harm in this. This is also referred to as “niyaz”. However, an Islamically binding vow can only be made for Allah Almighty alone; it is forbidden to make this type of vow for anyone else.

وَاللہُ اَعْلَمُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ وَرَسُوْلُہ اَعْلَم صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم

Answered By : Mufti Muhammad Qasim Attari